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ENVIRON.TEC
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1989-03-13
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DESQVIEW 2.0 TECHNICAL NOTE
Setting The Environment
When you open a window in DESQview that uses COMMAND.COM to load, DESQview
starts with the default COMMAND.COM environment. In this new environment
DESQview sets the COMSPEC to the default (the drive you booted from) and
then sets the DOS PATH as it was before entering DESQview, adding the path
of the "Command to start program" (if any), and the DESQview subdirectory
to the end of the path. The two extra entries are added to be sure that
the program will get loaded (in case the "Directory.:" is different from
the one used to load the program) and that any DESQview loaders
(LS-LOAD.COM for instance) will be found if needed.
At this point, the environment may be changed by the user. Unlike DOS, the
size of the environment is practically unlimited (well, actually it's 32K)
until a program (including a batch file) is started. Then the size of the
environment is fixed at the current value. Any changes made will not have
any effect on any other DESQview windows. This is all part of creating a
system in which the windows are autonomous.
SETTING ENVIRONMENT IN THE WINDOWS
If you need to have a special environment in your window (through the use
of the SET command for example), you may do so by starting up your program
with a batch file that first sets the environment and then starts the
program. This generally works just fine unless you need more environment
space than is available when the batch file is started. If so then you run
"out of environment space". This problem and its solution will be
discussed later in this document.
"INHERITING" ENVIRONMENT BY USING DESQVIEW'S LOADER
If you load your programs directly in DESQview, (see page 109 of the
DESQview Version 2 manual, bottom of the page), then the programs will end
up running with the environment that was current in DOS before you ran
DESQview. The direct load feature is automatically invoked whenever the
"Command to start program" contains a full, executable file specification
(Example 123.EXE) and the option "Close on exit to DOS" is set to "Y". If
your program can be loaded in this fashion, set up your environment before
entering DESQview and directly load the program. That is all that need be
done. Programs loaded in this fashion also load faster and have more
memory available to them than those with the extra COMMAND.COM overhead.
IF YOU RUN "OUT OF ENVIRONMENT SPACE"
If you have the problem of being out of environment space when using a
batch file which sets the environment in the window, there are three
possible solutions:
(1) Use a DESQview script
Since a window started with COMMAND.COM can have its environment space
"grow" as needed, a DESQview script can be used to make the necessary
PATH and SET statements. This can be especially useful if you use an
automatic startup script for the window (see page 89). The script
does not need to be assigned to an actual keyboard character (many
people use {250} for this script by HOLDING DOWN the Alt key and
pressing 2 5 0 on the keypad). This script can set all the
environment variables it needs (maybe with variable pauses too), and
then start the program for you.
(2) Load COMMAND.COM as a program
Since a program loaded directly by DESQview inherits the environment
which existed before DESQview was started, COMMAND.COM can be loaded
as the program and thus have the proper variables set. This is done
by setting the "Command to start program" to \COMMAND.COM and setting
"Close on exit to DOS" to "Y". If you want a batch file to be
started, then the "Parameters" line may have "/C file.BAT", which
starts the batch file running.
(3) Using DOS 3.2 or 3.3 /E:n
If you are using DOS 3.2 or higher then it is possible to "load
COMMAND.COM as a program" (as described in #2) and use then "/E:n"
parameter (where n is the size of the environment) to set the size of
the environment for that session of COMMAND.COM to a larger value.
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